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Autism cause & risk factorsAutism guideRisk factors related to autism include family history of autism, autism spectrum, disorders and language delay. The risk factor discussion regarding autism has long been argued. This includes viewing mothers' well being during pregnancy, troubles during delivery and/or environmental factors as risks that may have hindered normal brain development. Risk factors include viral infections such as rubella especially if a woman is afflicted within the first 3 months of pregnancy as it may lead to autism and/or retardation. In case of oxygen deficiency or complications during delivery, the risks of autism could have increased. This is not an absolute risk factor, as a number of autistic children did not face the above circumstances at birth. Other risk factors for autism are childhood with Fragile X and fetal alcohol syndrome in a mother. The former is a genetic disorder of the X chromosome and is passed on as a result of hereditary mental retardation. It is important to look out for such risk factors as they increase the chances of autism. It is possible that children are autistic without having been exposed to any of the risk factors but a definite exposure to any risk factor certainly increases the possibility of being affected by autism. The risk factors are most likely to affect a child within the first of his/her three years and are known to affect baby boys in much larger number as compared to baby girls. A child is known to have an increased risk of being autistic if exposed to tuberous sclerosis. This is an infrequent, multi-system genetic disorder, which causes the growth of benign tumors in the brain and vital organs. It affects the CNS causing seizures, developmental hindrances, behavioral inadequacies, skin aberrations and kidney problems. Neurofibromatosis is viewed as a risk factor in relation to autism. This is a genetic nervous system condition wherein tumors start to develop on nerves in whichever part of the body. Apart from being a risk factor for autism it can lead to alterations in skin conditions and distortion of the bones. Phenylketonuria is also a hereditary condition of the enzyme, which acts upon phenylalanine, an amino acid present in some foodstuff. This dietary inadequacy can also cause mental retardation. Genetic factors are considered to play a part in increasing autism risks. This is because autism is likely to show up in families with a history of autism and in identical twins. The reason for autism remains unidentified but has been classified as a condition resulting from irregularity in brain structure or function. Since brain abnormalities are resultant of hereditary and/or environmental reasons, metabolic inadequacies, viral infections and difficulties during pregnancy and delivery, they are all regarded as risk factors in relation to autism. Since a sole gene has not been recognized to cause autism, theories suggest that a group of unstable genes may also be an autism risk factor in some individuals. |
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